![]() We called the effect the “cascading reminiscence bump”. We knew from their reports that they were listening to the music of the 1980s with their parents, but were not listening to it currently. In other words, they were familiar with, and liked, the music that was popular when their parents were the same age as they are now. However, we found an unexpected effect in as much as the same measures peaked for the music of their parents’ late adolescence and early adulthood, music of the 1980s. More generally, the term “reminiscence bump” has been used to describe the peak in autobiographical memories and knowledge of events occurring during this period of people’s lives ( Rubin et al., 1986). This is consistent with previous studies showing preferences for music from late adolescence and early adulthood ( Holbrook and Schindler, 1989 Schulkind et al., 1999 Janssen et al., 2007). Finally, they reported whether they had personal memories associated with the songs and, if so, whether these memories were from listening with parents, alone, or with other people while growing up, or listening alone or with other people recently.Īll these measures showed the typical increase for music released over the two decades of their lives, with the highest ratings for the music of the most recent half decade. They also reported their emotional response to the songs from each half decade. Participants reported the percentage of songs from each half-decade that they recognized, how much they liked the songs, and how highly they rated the quality of the songs. ![]() ![]() For each half decade, a clip was made with a compilation of short, recognizable segments of the top two hits from each year. That study used top Billboard hits from five-and-a-half decades, 1955–2009. It is an extension of a study that investigated autobiographical memories and life-long preferences for music in young adults ( Krumhansl and Zupnick, 2013). The survey reported in this article seeks to characterize the contexts, or “listening niches”, in which people hear popular music throughout their lifetimes. Finally, the oldest listeners had the broadest taste, liking music that they had been exposed to during their lifetimes in different listening niches. Younger listeners are currently listening less to music alone than older listeners, suggesting an important role of socially sharing music, but they also report feeling sadder when listening to music. When growing up, the participants tended to listen to the older music on the older media, but rapidly shifted to the new music technologies in their late teens and early 20s. Music of these decades also produced the strongest emotional responses, and the most frequent and specific personal memories. In general, music of the 1940s, 1960s, and 1980s was preferred, particularly among younger participants. Overall, there was a song specific age effect with preferences for music of late adolescence and early adulthood however, this effect was stronger for the older participants. A number of effects found in previous studies were replicated, but the study also showed differences across the birth cohorts. The results show a regular progression through the life span of listening with different individuals (from parents to children) and with different media (from records to streaming services). Finally, it asks what styles of music they were listening to, and the music media they were listening with, in different periods of their lives. It also asks whether the music is associated with personal memories and, if so, with whom they were listening, or whether they were listening alone. It asks about whether they know and like the music in each decade, and their emotional reactions. ![]() The study spanned a century of popular music, divided into 10 decades, with participants born between 19. This article investigates the contexts, or “listening niches”, in which people hear popular music. ![]()
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